Violence and Non-Violence Perspectives on History, Reality, and Prospects

Abstract

The study examines violence as a complex phenomenon shaped by the interaction of political, anthropological, and historical factors. Drawing on early Islamic history and modern colonial policies, it challenges the assumption that violence is inherently linked to religion. It conceptualises violence as a "political contingency" arising from the absence of contractual mechanisms and constitutional crises, rather than from the essence of divine revelations, which are fundamentally oriented towards human dignity and nonviolence.

The study also critiques Western exceptionalism and double standards, advocating a shift from a "society of coercion" towards a value-based model grounded in peaceful coexistence and constructive competition. It further argues that restoring moral consciousness and strengthening democratic participation are essential conditions for achieving global peace. Methodologically, the research adopts a critical-analytical approach comprising two complementary levels: a historical and inductive examination, followed by a critical and synthetic analysis.